Target Volume Delineation for Pediatric Cancers

Target Volume Delineation for Pediatric Cancers 

This handbook is designed to provide the radiation oncologist with clear practical guidance in the delineation of tumor volumes and/or radiation fields for a wide variety of pediatric cancers, including the most frequently encountered malignancies of childhood. This is a guide to designing treatment fields and volumes that may be utilized in the delivery of conformal therapies such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy and proton therapy, the latter being particularly relevant in children. Each chapter focuses on a specific tumor type, providing general guidelines that will assist the reader in delineating the clinical target volume for particular presentations, including patterns of spread. As the target volumes can be complex, detailed illustrations are presented of the volumes in representative cases, contoured slice by slice on the planning CT images. In addition to target volume delineation for conformal treatment, field design setup for conventional approaches is also discussed.

 

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Radiation Therapy Techniques for Gynecological Cancers: A Comprehensive Practical Guide

Radiation Therapy Techniques for Gynecological Cancers: A Comprehensive Practical Guide

This book is a practical guide to the use of modern radiation therapy techniques in women with gynecological cancers. Step-by-step instruction is provided on simulation, contouring, and treatment planning and delivery for cancers of the cervix, endometrium, vagina, and vulva. Beyond external beam radiation delivery, full details are presented on three-dimensional brachytherapy at all sites for which it is applicable. Moreover, in-depth guidance is offered on the various advanced techniques of radiation delivery, including intensity-modulated radiation therapy, image guidance for external beam and brachytherapy, and stereotactic body radiotherapy.

Radiation therapy is a critical component of the multidisciplinary management of gynecological tumors. With modern technology, both external beam radiation and brachytherapy can be delivered in a highly conformal way. This requires precise contouring and accurate planning techniques. In clearly describing the indications for and the delivery of quality radiation therapy for gynecological tumors, this book will benefit radiation oncologists, medical physicists, medical dosimetrists, radiation therapists, and radiotherapy residents.

 

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Lymph Node Pathology for Clinicians 1st ed

Lymph Node Pathology for Clinicians 1st ed

Lymph node pathology is a complex and rapidly evolving field that requires integration of morphologic findings with a number of ancillary studies, as well as clinical information, to diagnose neoplastic and non-neoplastic hematopoietic disorders. Lymphomas are currently classified according to the 2016 Revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification, which emphasizes, and for some diagnoses mandates, the integration of clinical information in diagnostic decision making. Successful collaboration and teamwork between pathology and clinical specialties (especially hematology/oncology) are paramount for excellent patient care. In addition to diagnosis, pathology plays a significant role in lymphoma prognostication and therefore contributes to patient’s management and follow-up.
Lymph Node Pathology for Clinicians provides a concise overview of different entities in lymph node pathology with the primary audience being clinicians. Not all entities are covered, but, rather, the most common and/or clinically most relevant ones were included. This text is intended as a quick reference for a clinician to become familiar with pathologic aspects of lymphomas and the thought process of a pathologist. Particular consideration is given to relevant diagnostic and prognostic ancillary studies. Organized with an interdisciplinary approach for effective management of lymph node disorders, this text aims to educate our clinical colleagues on the most important aspects of lymph node pathology.

 

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Biobehavioral Markers in Risk and Resilience Research

Biobehavioral Markers in Risk and Resilience Research 

Biobehavioral Markers in Risk and Resilience Research

Biobehavioral Markers in Risk and Resilience Research 

This comprehensive reference explores the current and future state of biobehavioral markers in family resilience research, with special focus on linking biological and physiological measures to behavioral and health outcomes. It brings together the latest biobehavioral data on child-parent and couple relationships, adversity, and other key areas reflecting new technological advances in biobehavioral studies and translates these findings into implications for real-world practice and policy. The contributors’ insights on biomarkers apply to emerging topics of interest (e.g., molecular genetics) as well as familiar ones (e.g., stress). Their interdisciplinary perspective helps to elaborate on risk and resilience factors for those creating the next generation of evidence-based interventions.
Among the topics covered:The immune system as a sensor and regulator of stress: implications in human development and disease
The psychobiology of family dynamics: bidirectional relationships with adrenocortical attunement
Intergenerational transmission of poverty: how low socioeconomic status impacts the neurobiology of two generations
The influence of teacher-child relationships on preschool children’s cortisol levels
Challenges and strategies for integrating molecular genetics into behavioral science

Besides its worth to researchers and practitioners studying and working with families at risk, Biobehavioral Markers in Risk and Resilience Research also has utility as a training text, offering a highly accessible presentation and discussion questions suited to classroom use.

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Disorders of Blood Pressure Regulation: Phenotypes, Mechanisms, Therapeutic Options

Disorders of Blood Pressure Regulation: Phenotypes, Mechanisms, Therapeutic Options

This book aims to present a comprehensive classification of hypertensive phenotypes based on underlying target organ involvement. Particular emphasis is placed on review and assessment of clinical presentation, pathophysiologic mechanisms, and possible specific therapeutic options for each hypertension phenotype. Several of these phenotypes are well known and well described in the literature, such as prehypertension, white coat and masked hypertension, isolated systolic hypertension, renovascular hypertension, endocrine hypertension, pediatric hypertension, and gestational hypertension. Other hypertension phenotypes, however, are not widely recognized, being reported only in special reviews; examples include hypertension associated with renal calculus disease and other rarer causes such as Turner syndrome, herbal and medicinal compounds, and pharmacologic agents. A detailed account of the various causes of monogenic hypertension is also included. Finally, a section is devoted to general aspects of hypertension, including the significance of blood pressure indices, the natural course of untreated and treated hypertension, hypertension mechanisms, genetics, and guidelines for blood pressure control.

 

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Drug Adherence in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection

Drug Adherence in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection

This book provides a critical and comprehensive review of the methodologies available for measuring drug adherence in clinical practice, including those relying on emerging technologies. The authors discuss the risk factors of non-adherence and shed light on how to identify patients at risk of poor adherence. Drug therapies in chronic diseases rely heavily on the patient’s adherence, since drugs that are not taken are ineffective and leave the patient at high risk of developing clinical complications. Given the absence of new drugs for the treatment of hypertension, drug adherence is particularly important in these patients to improve blood pressure control. The book further investigates a new aspect, namely the importance of drug adherence in clinical trials and studies and draws attention to the limits of developing drugs without significant information on drug adherence. Several chapters are dedicated to the importance of adherence in specific forms of hypertension, such as resistant hypertension, dyslipidemia and hypertension associated with cardiovascular risk. As experts confronted with drug adherence in their daily practice, the authors analyse the real effectiveness of several interventions aimed at improving drug adherence and put particular emphasis on the importance of an interdisciplinary approach involving nurses and pharmacists. The volume also includes a careful analysis of the health and economic impact of poor adherence. The book is aimed at physicians, pharmacists, students and all health professionals dealing not only with hypertension or dyslipidemia, but also with chronic asymptomatic diseases such as diabetes, HIV or chronic respiratory diseases.

 

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Prehypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome

Prehypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome

This book sheds new light on the management of patients with borderline cardiovascular risk factors in order to prevent their progression to end organ damage. The book stimulates discussion of this poorly understood condition and lays the groundwork for developing recommendations and guidelines.

While the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to full-blown diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity is well defined, there is still a lack of clear understanding and guidelines as far as patients with borderline conditions – especially when multiple – are concerned. Moreover, end-organ damage depends on several factors, including genetic factors, making it difficult to predict its extent. As such, the gradual transition from a healthy subject to one with functional hemodynamic changes, and then one with structurally asymptomatic changes and lastly to overt disease needs further investigation.

In order to address these knowledge gaps, the book covers a broad variety of topics, making it a valuable tool for identifying which asymptomatic subjects could profit from being appropriately screened and at what stage. Furthermore it offers insights into better treating these patients to prevent their progression to overt disease. The book appeals to cardiologists, primary care physicians and all those healthcare professional looking to optimize the management of these complex and often undiagnosed cases.

 

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Hypertension and Heart Failure: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Treatment

Hypertension and Heart Failure: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Treatment 

This book explains how hypertension affects 20-50% of the adult population in developed countries. Heart failure is the result of the hypertension’s effects on the heart and it represents a growing public health problem.
In this context the international scientific community is continuously struggling to develop better strategies in screening, diagnosing and treating hypertension and its deleterious effects. Thus, this field is continuously changing, with new important information being added constantly.
This volume will offer both insights into the intimate mechanisms of transition from hypertension to heart failure and clinical practice advice on the prevention and treatment of heart failure in hypertensive population. The mechanisms which explain the progression from hypertension to heart failure will be also covered exhaustively by offering two chapters referring to the diagnosis of heart failure in hypertensive population and one regarding echocardiography which is the most frequently used imaging method in clinical practice. The reader will be also provided with information on cardiovascular magnetic resonance which has the unique advantage of differentiating hypertensive heart failure from other pathologies associated with increased myocardial thickness.
This book is a useful tool for clinicians but also to the research community interested in heart failure and consequences of hypertension on heart who want to be up-to-date with the new developments in the field.

 

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Hypertension in Children and Adolescents: New Perspectives

Hypertension in Children and Adolescents: New Perspectives

 

This book is devoted to hypertension in children and adolescents, a clinical issue that – thanks to the strides made in several areas of pathophysiological and clinical research – has received growing interest in cardiovascular medicine over the last several years.

Given the increasing prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents, this book represents an important and useful tool to address what has become a significant public health issue. It covers a diverse range of topics, from advances in the definition of hypertension and the identification of new risk factors, to current treatment strategies.

The book also presents an overview of the latest findings, including the clinical significance of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) in youth, the importance of out-of-office and central blood pressure measurement, new methods for assessing vascular phenotypes, and clustering of CV risk factors.

Gathering contributions by international experts and pursuing a practice-oriented approach, the book offers a valuable tool for cardiologists, pediatricians and nephrologists, as well as general practitioners.

 

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Success in Academic Surgery: Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Success in Academic Surgery: Innovation and Entrepreneurship

This book provides a guide to innovation and entrepreneurship within academic surgery and details how these approaches can develop new technologies and programs that advance healthcare. The pathways, barriers, and opportunities for commercialization and entrepreneurship are identified and discussed in relation to licenses, start-ups, and obtaining funding.

The book aims to help create a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship across academic medical centres around the world, with the belief that this can improve patient care.

 

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