Category: Orthopedics

Osteoarthritic Joint Pain

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Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease associated with joint pain and loss of joint function. It has an estimated incidence of 4 out of every 100 people and significantly reduces the quality of life in affected individuals. The major symptoms are chronic pain, swelling and stiffness; severe, chronic joint pain is often the central factor that causes patients to seek medical attention. Within the affected joint, there is focal degradation and remodelling of articular cartilage, new bone formation (osteophytes) and mild synovitis.

Several mechanisms are thought to contribute to osteoarthritic joint pain. These include mild synovial inflammation, bone oedema, ligament stretching, osteophyte formation and cartilage-derived mediators. Changes in joint biomechanics and muscle strength also influence the severity and duration of joint pain in osteoarthritis. Within the nervous system, the relative contributions of peripheral afferent nociceptive fibres and central mechanisms remain to be defined, and there is limited information on the phenotype of sensory neurons in the OA joint. Importantly, there is no relation between clinical severity, as measured by radiographic changes, and the presence and severity of joint pain. Patients with severe joint pain may have normal joint architecture as determined by X-ray, whereas patients with considerable evidence of joint remodelling may not have significant joint pain. Treatments for osteoarthritic joint pain include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds, exercise, corrective shoes and surgical intervention. There remains a critical need for improved control of joint pain in osteoarthritis.

This book brings together contributions from key investigators in the area of osteoarthritic joint pain.  It covers the clinical presentation of joint pain, the pathways involved in joint pain, osteoarthritis disease processes and pain, experimental models and pain control. The discussions provide insights into the nature of osteoarthritic joint pain, identify key studies needed to advance understanding of the problem, highlight possible intervention points and indicate future pathways towards a better treatment of osteoarthritic joint pain.

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Master Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery: Orthopaedic Oncology and Complex Reconstruction First Edition

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Master Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery: Orthopaedic Oncology and Complex Reconstruction focuses on bone and soft tissue tumors, which are among the most challenging problems for orthopaedic surgeons to manage. The book is broad in scope and includes coverage of massive reconstruction following trauma. The international authorship includes outstanding surgeons from Germany, Austria, Italy, Australia, and Great Britain in addition to the United States.

The contributors describe their preferred techniques in step-by-step detail, point out pertinent anatomy, and offer pearls and tips for improving results. The book is thoroughly illustrated with full-color, sequential, surgeon’s-eye view intraoperative photographs, as well as drawings by noted medical illustrators.

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Master Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery: Reconstructive Knee Surgery Fourth Edition

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Take your mastery to the next level! Master Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery©: Reconstructive Knee Surgeryis your ideal source for perfecting today’s most advanced and effective surgical techniques for knee reconstruction. Each chapter presents a world-leading orthopaedic surgeon’s preferred approach to a specific knee problem, replete with expert technical pearls to help you achieve optimal patient outcomes.

Key Features

  • Overcome a full range of challenges in reconstructive knee surgery with in-depth sections on extensor mechanism/patellofemoral problems, meniscus surgery, ligament injuries/instability, and reconstruction of the articular cartilage and synovium.
  • Update your skills with comprehensive updates throughout reflecting all of the latest advances in the field, including many new chapters, new topics, and new surgical innovations.
  • See exactly how to proceed thanks to thousands of high-quality, step-by-step photographs and drawings.
  • Produce the best outcomes through comprehensive discussions of indications and contraindications, decision making, operation room methodology, and pitfalls.

Your book purchase includes a complimentary download of the enhanced eBook for iOS, Android, PC & Mac. Take advantage of these practical features that will improve your eBook experience:

  • The ability to download the eBook on multiple devices at one time — providing a seamless reading experience online or offline
  • Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that allow you to search within this book, or across your entire library of VitalSource eBooks
  • Multiple viewing options that enable you to scale images and text to any size without losing page clarity as well as responsive design
  • The ability to highlight text and add notes with one click

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Non-Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis: Exercise, Nutrition, Fall and Fracture Prevention 1st ed. 2017 Edition

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This practical guide presents the most up-to-date information on the application of non-pharmacological and physical therapeutic measures, either used independently or in combination with pharmacotherapy, for the management of osteoporosis. Pharmacotherapy remains the primary treatment for osteoporosis, but to improve the biomechanical competence of bone and improve quality of life, there needs to be more comprehensive management approach involving non-pharmacological methods. The book opens with a discussion of the diagnosis, pathophysiology, complications and consequences of osteoporosis. Exercise, nutrition, orthotics, and other rehabilitation measures such as whole body vibration and electrical muscle stimulation, each described in details in chapters of their own, have had a beneficial impact on fall and fracture prevention as well as recovery post-fracture. In addition, the application of acupuncture for pain management and movement-based mind-body therapies like tai chi and the Feldenkrais method are explored.

Providing a description of independent and adjuvant techniques and practices for treatment and improving quality of life, Non-Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis is an excellent resource for endocrinologists, bone specialists, physical therapists, occupational therapists and all clinical practitioners and staff working with osteoporosis patients.

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Case Files Orthopaedic Surgery (LANGE Case Files) 1st Edition

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SHARPEN YOUR CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AND PREPARE FOR REAL-WORLD PRACTICE WITH ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY CASES

Experience with clinical cases is key to excelling in your rotations and post-graduate training. Case Files: Orthopaedic Surgery gives you 45 true-to-life cases that illustrate concepts critical to managing common musculoskeletal injuries and conditions. Each case includes a concise and accurate patient presentation, key exam findings, and clear radiologic images where applicable. Additionally, cases include in-depth discussions of the injury or condition represented, replete with evidence-based practice recommendations, basic procedural tips and techniques, and discussion of potential complications, pitfalls, and ultimate patient outcomes. Review questions and clinical pearls reinforce learning.

  • Learn from 45 high-yield cases, each with review questions
  • Master key concepts with clinical pearls
  • Polish your approach to clinical problems and think like a surgeon
  • Perfect for students, orthopaedic interns, and residents who encounter orthopaedic conditions in daily practice

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Soft Tissue Balancing in Total Knee Arthroplasty 1st ed. 2017 Edition

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In this booklet, experts from across the world, including members of the ISAKOS Knee Arthroplasty Committee, offer clear, up-to-date guidance on all aspects of soft tissue or ligament balancing in primary total knee arthroplasty with the aim of enabling the reader to achieve optimal patient outcomes. After an introduction explaining the normal soft tissue condition in the native knee, surgical procedures are described, including techniques for the management of severe deformity. The most striking feature of the booklet, however, is the many pages devoted to the accurate evaluation and clinical relevance of ligament balancing. Different techniques and devices for intraoperative soft tissue assessment are discussed, highlighting, for example, the use of gap-measuring devices or trial liners with load-bearing sensors to achieve more objective evaluation. Above all, special attention is devoted to the crucial issue of the impact of intraoperative soft tissue balance on postoperative results. In the closing chapter, very experienced surgeons introduce intraoperative troubleshooting in order to assist successful completion of arthroplasty.

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The Unstable Elbow: An Evidence-Based Approach to Evaluation and Management 1st ed. 2017 Edition

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Providing a detailed review of one of the most common clinical problems, elbow instability, this comprehensive text organizes the most up-to-date, evidence-based information on the rapidly advancing field of elbow surgery. Initial chapters focus on anatomy, biomechanics and the most currently utilized surgical approaches for the treatment of the unstable elbow. Subsequent chapters focus on the evaluation and surgical treatments of acute instabilities, such as simple dislocations and fracture-dislocations, as well as chronic instabilities, including chapters focusing on the non-operative and operative management of the throwing athlete. The final chapters describe additional treatment strategies for complex instabilities, focusing on external fixation, total elbow arthroplasty and elbow fusion. Each chapter includes background information, an evaluation section, a treatment algorithm, non-operative treatment strategies, surgical management, published outcomes and preferred methods of treatment from each author. A supplemental video section is also included, depicting frequently performed procedures. Written by experts in the field, The Unstable Elbow consolidates all of the current knowledge of elbow instability into a valuable resource for orthopedic surgeons and residents worldwide.

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The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements 1st Edition

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Since the major pioneering of joint replacement surgery more than fifty years ago, much research and progress has been made in the field of arthroplasty with new insights into better materials, types of cement and bone-cell compatible coatings, and a better understanding of the causes of implant failure. With an increasingly ageing population the requirement for arthroplastic surgery is manifest; over 800,000 hips worldwide are replaced each year, and replacement surgery is performed for almost every joint of the body.

The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements covers the design, engineering, production and manufacture of human joint replacements, as well as associated engineering concerns such as surface coatings, orthopedic bone cement, the causes and effects of wear and tear, and rapid prototyping for clinical evaluation. Materials evaluation and selection is discussed, as well as production processes and insertion methods. The author provides an overview of skeletal anatomy and the effects of pain and deterioration in order to put the engineering principles into a medical context. Examples of joint replacements for the most common regions of the body are included, and aspects of clinical studies of these cases are discussed.

Key Features:

• Provides an overview of the engineering materials and processes involved in the manufacture of    human joint replacements
• Sets the scene for engineers and clinicians embarking on research into joint replacements
• Includes clinical and industrial examples and points the way to future developments
• Provides information on medical device companies with an engineering guide to the requirements for joint replacement

The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements bridges the divide between engineering and orthopaedic surgery, offering an introductory text to young engineers entering the field, as well as a reference for medical staff who will benefit from an understanding of the materials and methods used in their design, engineering and manufacture.

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Rotatory Knee Instability: An Evidence Based Approach 1st ed. 2017 Edition

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This book is designed to equip the reader with the knowledge and tools required for provision of individualized ACL treatment based on the best available evidence. All major aspects of the assessment of rotatory knee instability are addressed in depth. A historical overview of arthrometers, both invasive and non-invasive, is provided, and newly developed devices for the measurement of rotatory knee laxity are considered. Recent advances with respect to the pivot shift test are explained and evidence offered to support a standardized pivot shift test and non-invasive quantification of the pivot shift. Specific surgical techniques for rotatory laxity are described, with presentation of the experience from several world-renowned centers. In addition, functional rehabilitation and “return to play” are discussed. In keeping with the emphasis on an individualized approach, the book highlights individualization of surgical reconstruction techniques in accordance with the specific injury pattern and grade of rotatory knee laxity as well as the use of individualized rehabilitation techniques. Numerous high-quality images illustrate key points and clear take-home messages are provided.

About the Author

Volker Musahl, MD, is Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Associate Professor of Bioengineering at the University of Pittsburgh’s Swanson School of Engineering, the Program Director of the Sports Medicine fellowship program, and Medical Director of the UPMC Center for Sports Medicine. In addition to his work as a University of Pittsburgh Associate Professor and a leading Orthopaedic surgeon, Dr. Musahl is co-head team physician for the University of Pittsburgh football team. Dr. Musahl is the recipient of various honors and awards and has recently been appointed Assistant Editor-in-Chief of the Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology and Arthroscopy Journal (KSSTA). His research interests include knee and shoulder biomechanics. He is a member of ESSKA ISAKOS, AAOS, ORS, AOSSM, AANA, and AGA.

Jon Karlsson, MD, PhD, is Professor of Orthopaedics and Sports Traumatology at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden. His clinical interests and his research are mainly related to knee injuries and foot and ankle, including tendon injuries. Dr. Karlsson graduated from Medical School in Reykjavik, Iceland. He then moved to Sweden for orthopaedic training, becoming a specialist in Orthopaedics in 1986. He has worked at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital ever since, and is currently Senior Consultant. He has been Clinical Head of the Orthopaedic Department and is now its Academic Head. He has mentored 40 PhD students and is the author of more than 300 papers and almost 30 books. He is an active member of ESSKA and ISAKOS and is currently Secretary of the ISAKOS Executive Board and Editor-in-Chief of KSSTA, the official, clinical journal of ESSKA.Ryosuke Kuroda, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan. Dr. Kuroda graduated from Kobe University School of Medicine in 1990 and then specialized in Orthopaedic Surgery. After completion of a postgraduate course at Kobe University Graduate School he worked as a Post-Doctoral Research Fellow in Cleveland Clinic Foundation and the University of Pittsburgh. He has been a member of the Board of Councillors of the Japanese Orthopaedic Society of Knee, Arthroscopy, and Sports Medicine (JOSKAS) since 2009. He served as an ISAKOS Knee Committee member from 2009 to 2011 and is currently on the ISAKOS Board of Directors. Since 2013 he has been the lead or co-author of more than 90 articles in peer-reviewed journals.
Stefano Zaffagnini, MD, is an Associated Professor at the University of Bologna, Italy and coordinator of the Sports Traumatology Excellence Centre of the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy. He has been an AOSSM-ESSKA travelling fellow, Chairman of the ESSKA Arthroscopy Committee, and President of the Italian Society of Knee Surgery (SIGASCOT). He is a member of numerous national and international societies and his main interests in clinical practice and res

earch are sports traumatology, ACL reconstruction, knee biomechanics, computer-assisted surgery, meniscal replacement, cartilage surgery, and partial/total knee replacement. He is the author of more than 150 indexed papers and 30 book chapters and the editor of five books.

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